Free download of Rachel Carson's Silent Spring

Autor: Rachel Carson, "Silent Spring."
Publisher: Houghton Mifflin | ISBN: 061825305X | 2002 edition | PDF | 400 Pages | 1.06 MB

First published by Houghton Mifflin in 1962, Silent Spring alerted a large audience to the environmental and human dangers of indiscriminate use of pesticides, spurring revolutionary changes in the laws affecting our air, land, and water. "Silent Spring became a runaway bestseller, with international reverberations . . . [It is] well crafted, fearless and succinct . . . Even if she had not inspired a generation of activists, Carson would prevail as one of the greatest nature writers in American letters" (Peter Matthiessen, for Time's 100 Most Influential People of the Century). This fortieth anniversary edition celebrates Rachel Carson's watershed book with a new introduction by the author and activist Terry Tempest Williams and a new afterword by the acclaimed Rachel Carson biographer Linda Lear, who tells the story of Carson's courageous defense of her truths in the face of ruthless assault from the chemical industry in the year following the publication of Silent Spring and before her untimely death in 1964.

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Free Download of The Dirty Dozen: Toxic Chemicals and the Earth's Future

The Dirty Dozen: Toxic Chemicals and the Earth's Future

The Dirty Dozen: Toxic Chemicals and the Earth's Future by Bruce E. Johansen
Publisher: Praeger | Number Of Pages: 312 | Publication Date: 2008-10-30 | ISBN-10: 031336141X | PDF | 1 Mb

Forty years after the publication of Rachel Carson's Silent Spring, this important study examines the history, industrial uses, and harmful effects of the twelve most commonly used organochloride chemicals. All have been fully or partially banned by the Stockholm Protocol, an international treaty signed by about 120 countries in December 2000. Among the twelve are the dioxins (the active ingredient in Agent Orange) and polychlorinated byphenyls (PCBs), which are toxic in minute quantities. Johansen pays special attention to the Inuit of the Arctic, where these chemicals have been bio-accumulating to dangerous levels, moving up the food chain to a degree of toxicity that some Inuit mothers are no longer able to safely breast-feed their infants.

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Free Download of What Is Natural?: Coral Reef Crisis

What Is Natural?: Coral Reef Crisis

What Is Natural?: Coral Reef Crisis
Publisher: Oxford University Press | ISBN: 0195123646 | edition 1999 | PDF | 302 pages | 17,56 mb

During the late 1960s and 1970s, massive herds of poisonous crown-of-thorns starfish suddenly began to infest coral reef communities around the world, leaving in their wake devastation comparable to a burnt-out rainforest. In What is Natural?, Jan Sapp both examines this ecological catastrophe and captures the intense debate among scientists about what caused the crisis, and how it should be handled.
The crown-of-thorns story takes readers on tropical expeditions around the world, and into both marine laboratories and government committees, where scientists rigorously search for answers to the many profound questions surrounding this event. Were these fierce starfish outbreaks the kind of manmade disaster heralded by such environmentalists as Rachel Carson in Silent Spring? Indeed, discussions of the cause of the starfish plagues have involved virtually every environmental issue of our timeover-fishing, pesticide use, atomic testing, rain forest depletion, and over-population, but many marine biologists maintain that the epidemic is a natural feature of coral-reef life, an ecological "balance of nature" that should not to be tampered with until we know the scientific truth of the crisis. But should we search for the scientific truth before taking action? And what if an environmental emergency cannot wait for a rigorous scientific search for "the truth?"
The starfish plagues are arguably one of most mysterious ecological phenomena of this century. Through the window of this singular event, What is Natural lucidly illustrates the complexity of environmental issues while probing the most fundamental questions about the relationship between man and nature.

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Free download of Flexible Solar Cells

Flexible Solar Cells

Mario Pagliaro, Giovanni Palmisano, Rosaria Ciriminna, "Flexible Solar Cells"
Wiley-VCH | 2008 | ISBN: 3527323759 | 202 pages | PDF | 2,7 MB

With the decline in the world's natural resources, the need for new and cheaper energy sources is evolving. One such source is the sun which generates heat and light which can be harnessed and used to our advantage.
This reference book introduces the topic of photovoltaics in the form of flexible solar cells. There are explanations of the principles behind this technology, the engineering required to produce these products and the future possibilities offered by this technology.
The chemistry and physics of the cells (both organic and inorganic) are clarified as well as production methods, with information how this can then be applied to the nanoscale as well.

A complete guide to this new and exciting way of producing energy which will be invaluable to a variety of people from material scientists, chemists, electrical engineers, to management consultants and politicians.

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Free Download of Environmental Organic Chemistry by: Rene P. Schwarzenbach Philip M. Gschwend Dieter M. Imboden

Environmental Organic Chemistry by: Rene P. Schwarzenbach Philip M. Gschwend Dieter M. Imboden
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons Inc | 2Rev Ed edition (5 Nov 2002) | ISBN: 0471357502 | Pages: 1327 | PDF | 27 MB

Environmental Organic Chemistry focuses on environmental factors that govern the processes that determine the fate of organic chemicals in natural and engineered systems. The information discovered is then applied to quantitatively assessing the environmental behaviour of organic chemicals. Now in its 2nd edition this book takes a more holistic view on physical-chemical properties of organic compounds. It includes new topics that address aspects of gas/solid partitioning, bioaccumulation, and transformations in the atmosphere. Structures chapters into basic and sophisticated sections. Contains illustrative examples, problems and case studies. Examines the fundamental aspects of organic, physical and inorganic chemistry - applied to environmentally relevant problems

Table of Contents Preface Pt. I Introduction 1 1 General Topic and Overview 3 2 An Introduction to Environmental Organic Chemicals 13 Pt. II Equilibrium Partitioning Between Gaseous, Liquid, and Solid Phases 55 3 Partitioning: Molecular Interactions and Thermodynamics 57 4 Vapor Pressure 97 5 Activity Coefficient and Solubility in Water 133 6 Air-Organic Solvent and Air-Water Partitioning 181 7 Organic Liquid-Water Partitioning 213 8 Organic Acids and Bases: Acidity Constant and Partitioning Behavior 245 9 Sorption I: General Introduction and Sorption Processes Involving Organic Matter 275 10 Sorption II: Partitioning to Living Media - Bioaccumulation and Baseline Toxicity 331 11 Sorption III: Sorption Processes Involving Inorganic Surfaces 387 Pt. III Transformation Processes 459 12 Thermodynamics and Kinetics of Transformation Reactions 461 13 Chemical Transformations I: Hydrolysis and Reactions Involving Other Nucleophilic Species 489 14 Chemical Transformations II: Redox Reactions 555 15 Direct Photolysis 611 16 Indirect Photolysis: Reactions with Photooxidants in Natural Waters and in the Atmosphere 655 17 Biological Transformations 687 Pt. IV Modeling Tools: Transport and Reaction 775 18 Transport by Random Motion 777 19 Transport Through Boundaries 833 20 Air-Water Exchange 887 21 Box Models 945 22 Models in Space and Time 1005 Pt. V Environmental Systems and Case Studies 1049 23 Ponds, Lakes, and Oceans 1051 24 Rivers 1101 25 Groundwater 1147 Appendix 1185 Bibliography 1213 Index (Subject Index, Compound Index, List of Illustrative Examples) 1255

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Quality Assurance in Analytical Chemistry: Applications in Environmental, Food and Materials Analysis, Biotechnology, and Medical Engineering

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Free download of Quality Assurance for Chemistry and Environmental Science: Metrology from pH Measurement to Nuclear Waste Disposal

Quality Assurance for Chemistry and Environmental Science: Metrology from pH Measurement to Nuclear Waste Disposal
Publisher: Springer | ISBN: 3540712712 | edition 2007 | PDF | 326 pages | 7,87 mb
Metrological concepts like traceability or measurement uncertainty form important parts of international treaties and normative documents. Their applications e.g. in chemical or food analysis or in environmental monitoring are entering our daily life. The development of those concepts has been driven by demand on a world-wide scale from trade, industry and the legal systems. In the future, no chemist, geochemist, chemical , civil or environmental engineer and no other specialist dealing with chemical measurement data, and no decision maker, neither in trade and industry, in public or medical services, in the political and diplomatic arenas or in academic research can afford not to become acquainted with metrology, its concepts and impact.

This book provides a basic overview over the relevant metrological concepts like traceability, ISO uncertainties or cause-and-effect diagrams. The applications described in great detail range from progression-of-error type evaluation of the measurement uncertainty budget to complex applications like pH measurement or speciation calculations for aqueous solutions. The consequences of a measurement uncertainty concept for chemical data are outlined for geochemical modeling applied to transport in the subsurface and to nuclear waste disposal. Special sections deal with the deficits of existing thermodynamic data for these applications and with the current position of chemical metrology in respect to other quality assurance measures, e.g. ISO 900x, GLP, European and U.S.-American standards. The CD-ROM accompanying the book provides two illustrative programmes (for IBM PCs and derivatives; with manuals and example data sets) and important official documents and guides in PDF format.

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Quality Assurance for Chemistry and Environmental Science: Metrology from pH Measurement to Nuclear Waste Disposal

Quality Assurance for Chemistry and Environmental Science: Metrology from pH Measurement to Nuclear Waste Disposal

Quality Assurance for Chemistry and Environmental Science: Metrology from pH Measurement to Nuclear Waste Disposal
Publisher: Springer | ISBN: 3540712712 | edition 2007 | PDF | 326 pages | 7,87 mb
Metrological concepts like traceability or measurement uncertainty form important parts of international treaties and normative documents. Their applications e.g. in chemical or food analysis or in environmental monitoring are entering our daily life. The development of those concepts has been driven by demand on a world-wide scale from trade, industry and the legal systems. In the future, no chemist, geochemist, chemical , civil or environmental engineer and no other specialist dealing with chemical measurement data, and no decision maker, neither in trade and industry, in public or medical services, in the political and diplomatic arenas or in academic research can afford not to become acquainted with metrology, its concepts and impact.

This book provides a basic overview over the relevant metrological concepts like traceability, ISO uncertainties or cause-and-effect diagrams. The applications described in great detail range from progression-of-error type evaluation of the measurement uncertainty budget to complex applications like pH measurement or speciation calculations for aqueous solutions. The consequences of a measurement uncertainty concept for chemical data are outlined for geochemical modeling applied to transport in the subsurface and to nuclear waste disposal. Special sections deal with the deficits of existing thermodynamic data for these applications and with the current position of chemical metrology in respect to other quality assurance measures, e.g. ISO 900x, GLP, European and U.S.-American standards. The CD-ROM accompanying the book provides two illustrative programmes (for IBM PCs and derivatives; with manuals and example data sets) and important official documents and guides in PDF format.

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